2011년 10월 25일 화요일

This must be related to the important

This must be related to the important place they have in the kitchen, especially in Greece, where men prepare most family meals, with the women handling the table and shopping the markets where no home garden is possible. Similarly, European women overwhelmingly dominate the kitchen garden and leave the flowers and shrubbery to Nike pas cher,the men. Most gardeners are about 40 or older; just over half are women; home ownership is the single greatest factor; yard size is an obvious key variable, right up there with age. On the other hand, lower maintenance veggies,Chaussures DG Pas Cher such as lettuce, are split more evenly 50-50. In the US one can still see this Greek tradition in the preponderance of restaurants and diners owned and run exclusively by men.It is also interesting to see the male-dominated flower breeding traditions of Europe carried on, to this day, by amateur flower breeders in the US. Personally, I find this quite odd. Upper body strength has something to do with US garden preferences, as does the agrarian-versus industrial-origin of American life. The men dominate the front, the women the back. The model British row houses-which we imitated in eastern US cities-have, in effect, two gardens, front and back. In the US it's almost exactly the reverse, with the exception of the heavily British areas of the east coast, such as around Boston, where men's garden clubs still thrive as mainly ornamental-oriented societies.However, both Burpee statistics as well as anecdotal evidence indicate that US men grow most-but not all-the vegetables, especially the vine crops where fencing is involved, and large plantings of root crops where much physical labor is involved. Perhaps US women shy away from flowers due to the conventional imagery of the "flower lady" and the nuptial bouquet. Take the customary associations of flowers and vegetables and reverse them. From a design standpoint, this traditional layout is not only aesthetically pleasing, but also practical in the densely populated towns and cities typical of Europe. (You don't see throngs of middle-aged people night clubbing.) These similarities are neither controversial nor even arguable. Yet even there the gender tradition holds firm. Left to the routine of domestic life, the sexes segregate distinctly from the front of the home, where men grow ornamentals, to the back, where the women grow the vegetables and herbs. Too bad. More of us were peasants and farmers for a much longer period of time than our counterparts in heavily industrialized Europe, especially the UK and Germany.Also, I speculate that the promotion of flower growing to women in the early 20th century reflected the early phase of the modern women's movement that led ultimately to feminism. However, I guarantee she became President due to her ability rather than her gender. They're as plain as the dirt on your shoes.However, there is one big difference in the gardening activities between us and the UK and Europe-gender. Today, few women in the US are carrying forward the early feminist project of ornamental horticulture, except in the non-profit world of public gardens and trade associations, where they are better represented. The US conforms to the UK and Europe in nearly all categories. Even US native plants, such as Rudbeckia and Echinacea, were bred by European men in the late 20th century-'Goldsturm' by a German estate gardener and 'Magnus' by a Swedish amateur, respectively, each the classic of their type. European, and especially British, men grow ornamentals in roughly the same proportion that US men grow vegetables. Why should men be the only ones growing the flowers? Indeed, even today flower growing remains a bit of a men's club, particularly in high-end shrubs and trees.The only place in Europe where the men share the vegetable garden is Southern Italy and Greece. I'll never forget some male French friends who laughed at my idea of adding vegetables to their ornamental gardening routine.In the UK, where garden preferences are nearly opposite those of the traditional US, most homes are located in dense urban areas. Of course, the men run the flour mills, oil presses, vineyards and wineries, which remain extraordinarily decentralized, or on a village level, to a degreeNike Requin Net Femme unknown elsewhere. They expect to be given flowers-not to grow them. By contrast, in the countryside, especially in France and Switzerland, unprotected vegetable gardens dot the roadside next to the sides of homes as well as the backs. Granted, middle-class "career women", outside politics and professions like medicine and law, remain a curiosity in Europe and the UK. On the European continent, there is a bit more sharing, but only on the vegetable side.For example, all the notable European flower breeders of the last century were men, including many amateurs, blunting the argument that institutional sexism was the main cause. For one droll example, cucumbers are grown almost entirely by men. With about 10 million customers, Burpee draws data from a wide cross-section of avid gardeners: high, medium and low income; urban, suburban and rural; old and young; male and female. My sister, Anna, of Ball Seed fame (an entirely separate company) is an extraordinary exception in the world of commercial horticulture. The field is wide open to qualified American women..





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